How Native Plants Help the Enviroment

How Native Plants Aid the Environment

Native Fern Plants

Ostrich Fern

New York Ferns

Christmas Ferns

Industrialization and urbanization have contributed to increased levels of heavy metals in the environment. The increased levels of heavy metals in the atmosphere and soil have raised concerns globally. Heavy metals are environmentally stable elements characterized by high atomic weight. The metals are essential to life but are environmental pollutants. The most common heavy metals that pollute the environment include mercury, lead, copper, nickel, chromium, cadmium, and arsenic.

These metals originate from industrial effluents, metal mining and smelting, sewage sludge, fossil fuel burning, electroplating, and pesticides and phosphate fertilizers for agricultural purposes. Heavy metals contribute to environmental pollution and thus pose significant threats to plants and human health. Heavy metals threaten plants by severely affecting various physiological and biochemical processes that enable them to make food and live. The metals also affect human health by contributing to multiple issues, such as gastrointestinal and kidney dysfunction, nervous system disorders, and cancer. The appropriate measure to prevent polluting the atmosphere and soil is by using native plants.

Native plants serve as bio-indicators of environmental pollution, clean the environment and help improve soil fertility. Native plants indicate high levels of heavy metals and other toxic substances in the atmosphere or soil by undergoing various changes, such as chlorosis, necrosis, bleaching, and chlorotic mottling. Chlorosis is the discoloration of plant leaves, implying that the leaves lose the standard green color.

The occurrence of chlorosis in native plants depicts Sulphur oxide pollution. Necrosis is the damage of plant tissue, especially in a localized area. The occurrence of necrosis indicates hydrogen fluoride pollution. Bleaching is the whitening or discoloration of native plant leaves, and its occurrence indicates nitrogen oxide pollution. Chlorotic mottling leads to partial chlorosis and reduced leave size. The occurrence of chlorotic mottling in native plants indicates di-chlorine atmospheric pollution.

Native plants clean the environment and improve soil fertility by absorbing heavy metals in the atmosphere and soil through their leaves and roots. Native plants absorb heavy metals by extending their roots and creating an ecosystem that enables them to perform their roles. The highlighted approach helps native plants reclaim polluted soil and stabilize its fertility. Using native plants to prevent atmospheric and soil pollution has numerous merits. The method is economically feasible, environmentally friendly, can be used on a large scale, and improve soil fertility by preventing soil pollution by absorbing heavy metals and releasing organic matters.

Moss a Native Plant Beneficial

Mosses are essential for biomonitoring environmental and soil pollution and cleaning air. Mosses help detect atmospheric heavy metal deposition in the atmosphere across all ecosystems, including terrestrial ecosystems. They can absorb most pollutants, including heavy metals because they lack complex regulatory mechanisms resulting from a lack of real root and vascular systems like vascular plants. In air pollution, heavy metals and radioisotopes affect mosses' chloroplast ultra-structures, thus affecting their membrane properties. The resulting consequence of such a process is protein degradation and limitation of the capacity of ionic transport, which later trigger the cell death process.

Chlorophyll fluorescence changes in mosses indicate the presence of pollutants, such as heavy metals in the atmosphere or soil. Mosses clean the air by absorbing impurities from the atmosphere and precipitation. Mosses absorb most contaminants through the whole surface because their leaves lack protective cuticles. Mosses' leaves also have a layer of cells, which provide them with a large surface area that enables them to absorb heavy metals and other toxic substances from the atmosphere. The benefits of mosses in biomonitoring and cleaning the air is that they quickly absorb pollutants compared to native plants, are economically feasible, and can be used on a large scale. The types of mosses used for biomonitoring, assessing air quality, and cleaning the air include carpet moss, cushion moss, sheet moss, mood moss, and sphagnum moss.

Carpet moss: This is an evergreen and rootless plant that grows into a living carpet of golden green in its youth and turns dark green as it ages. The moss's leaves grow parallel to each other and slim to a point at the end, which is not sharp. The highlighted characteristics give carpet moss an ideal green layer that draws an individual's attention. Carpet moss can cover up light sources and blocks, and in gardens and lawns, grasses do not grow without enough moisture.

Carpet moss

Image 1: Carpet moss

Cushion moss: Belongs to the white moss family. Cushion moss often grows to a length that ranges from 50 cm to 1 meter. The size of its leaves ranges from 5 mm to 9 mm. The moss is distinguishable from other mosses due to its color and murky close-packed tufts or cushions. The moss's color is medium to greyish-green. Cushion moss mainly forms clumps in moist areas or swampy areas.

Cushion moss

Image 2: Cushion moss

Sheet moss: This is a natural organic moss harvested on the floor of old-growth forests. The moss is a decorative soil cover that hides drab soil in house plant pots and makes various arts and crafts. Individuals can use scissors to cut and shape cushion moss into an ideal art or style they need. Sheet moss likes to grow on rocks, logs, and other plants. The height of sheet moss is often under 3 feet.

Sheet moss

Image 3: Sheet moss

Mood moss: Belongs to the craned species. This moss grows in tufts or mats, especially in moist or dry wooded regions. The height of mood moss ranges between 3-4 inches. Mood moss is mainly identified by its curved leaves, with colors that go from yellowish-green to dark green. This moss-like grows under tree shades.

Mood moss

Image 4: Mood moss

Sphagnum moss: This is an utterly unique and fascinating genus of bog-dwelling plants. The moss helps improve soil aeration and loosen compact soils. Additional benefits of sphagnum moss are that it can store and retain significant moisture in its cells, absorb cations like magnesium and calcium and release hydrogen ions. As sphagnum moss grows, it expands into drier areas, thus generating huge mires, including raised and blanket bogs.

Sphagnum moss

Image 5: Sphagnum moss

Individuals can buy the mosses at https://www.tnnursery.net/moss-for-sale/.

Some hardy native plant choices, click to purchase

Fan Clubmoss

Christmas Ferns

Rozanne Geranium

New York Ferns

Sheet Moss

Wild Ginger Plant

Hay Scented Ferns

Lady Ferns

Creeping Phlox

Fiddlehead Fern

Maidenhair Fern

Milkweed Plants

Black-Eyed Susan Plants

Virginia Bluebell Plant

Partridgeberry Plant

Vinca Minor

Periwinkle Plant

Carpet Moss

Best Sellers

Thelypteris noveboracensis - TN Nursery

New York Fern

The New York Fern is a native, deciduous species with delicate, lacy fronds and a distinctive appearance, commonly found in Eastern North American woodlands. These medium-sized ferns offer a delightful display of yellow-green fronds that carpet the forest floor. The fern has a delicate blade shape with a triangular leaf structure. The plant's blade is most comprehensive in the middle and tapers sharply at both ends. The New York Fern is a type of plant that grows well throughout the eastern part of North America, and it's found in large numbers throughout New York. This perennial is what you need to fill specific spaces in your yard that would benefit from greenery but might not be as friendly towards some of the flowers that currently occupy your space. Let's see why this plant might fit your current landscape well. New York Fern Reduces Soil Erosion and Weed Growth The fern is typically used as ground cover in areas where grass and other plants don't do as well. As a result, filling these spaces comes with some benefits. First, this plant takes root to prevent soil erosion in areas where soil isn't being kept in place by root systems. As an added benefit, the growth of this lush green plant throughout your yard makes it difficult for weeds to take root, preventing unwanted weed growth. New York Ferns Absorbs Airborne Pollutants These plants are adept at capturing pollutants from the air, making it easier for you to breathe and enjoy your outdoor space. If you're constantly bothered by dust or pollen, consider adding this plant to your landscape and others known to improve air quality. Add Bio-Diversity To Your Garden With The New York Ferns Biodiversity is essential on any property, and you'll find that this plant is a friend to local wildlife. For example, this ground cover is known to serve as an excellent cover for certain animals like toads. The better news? It's not a plant typically sought after by larger animals like deer, which means it will cover other animals until the cold weather comes in. New York Fern is a fast-growing plant that will quickly establish itself in your space, and trailing rhizomes will constantly be shooting up additional fronds that provide an even thicker look to your space. If you're looking for something hard to ruin and will start thriving in specific spaces almost immediately, this is the ground cover to go with.

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Christmas Fern - TN Nursery

Christmas Fern

Christmas ferns are known for their evergreen fronds that stay green throughout the winter, making them a popular choice for holiday decorations. An evergreen plant that offers numerous landscaping benefits. Its elegant appearance, resilience, and adaptability make it a favorite choice for professional landscapers and homeowners alike. One of the key advantages of incorporating it into landscaping is its aesthetic appeal. Add Year-Round Cover With Christmas Fern The fronds of Christmas ferns are distinctive for their lustrous, dark green coloration. The crownless rootstock produces clusters of fronds that can be one to two feet long. Wintertime sees the delicate, light-green leaves changing color from green to golden. They are great for covering uneven terrain since they spread slowly from dormant rhizomes and develop in clusters. These native plants keep their greenery throughout the year to start photosynthesis earlier. The presence of chlorophyll, which indicates the photosynthesis process is underway, is indicated by the color green. These plants do not flower. They are spore-borne rather than gametophytic. However, they boast verdant foliage from April to the first frost; these silvery green baby fronds, known as fiddleheads, emerge in the early spring as new leaves. Protect the Yard From Soil Erosion With Christmas Fern Christmas Ferns keep their fronds in winter; they press down on fallen leaves to hasten their decomposition and provide nutrients to the soil. This goes a long way in protecting the yard against soil erosion. These plants also stop soil erosion by using their roots to bind the soil together. Plus, when planted firmly in the ground, they create thick barriers made of stems that reduce the rate at which water flows through them. Create Natural Landscapes With Christmas Fern A lot of people like to plant it in their yards because of the texture and foliage they provide. They do a great job at creating natural-looking landscapes. The fact that they are hardy enough to survive light snowfall and cold makes them perfect for winter gardening. They can also handle a large range of soil types and flourish in partly shady or entirely shaded locations. Birds, insects, and even small mammals may find food and refuge under them. The dense vegetation provides excellent cover for ground-dwelling species. The plants conceal prey from predators by shading other animals and invertebrates that feed on the ground.

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Sheet Moss - TN Nursery

Sheet Moss

Sheet Moss is a lush, low-growing species that forms a dense carpet of soft, emerald-green foliage. It is often used in terrariums, floral arrangements, and as a ground cover in shaded areas. It is one of the most favored types for lawns. It’s so named because it creates a ‘sheet’ over a garden or forest floor.   Beyond this dense sheet's luxurious and welcoming appearance and vibe, it also serves as the protecting home for various microfauna, including frogs, spiders, and insects. Many small ecosystems revolve around the layers of it on the forest floor, and gardeners seeking to add more biodiversity to their gardens should consider adding it to the ground of their gardens. Where Does Sheet Moss Grow Officially known as Hypnum curvifolium, it is a wide-ranging plant in every continent except Antarctica. It’s primarily found in temperature regions and adapts well to moist areas. You’ll commonly see it underneath logs or rocks, around tree trunks, or near natural water sources. You’ll usually find it around clay pots, stones, or artificial ponds in gardens. Sheet Moss Is Like A Thick Carpet It is most notable for its soft fronds forming a thick green carpet over a forest floor. The individual leaves are tiny and overlap, which helps create the plant’s soft and lavish texture and appearance. Laying down over it will be akin to laying down over nature’s version of a mattress. While the leaves are usually bright green, they will also develop a slight but noticeable yellow tint when moisture levels deplete or are under prolonged exposure to sunlight. Why is Sheet Moss A Good Choice For Gardeners Gardeners like it because it is adaptable. It can easily retain moisture to help hydrate the soil underneath and prevent erosion. People often add it to gardens and terrariums to help create an equally lush and inviting, suitable atmosphere. It also requires deficient maintenance and minimal pruning and watering. For this reason, many gardeners who want to make a green covering over the ground will turn to it over grass. It’s a suitable choice for experienced gardeners and those new to the hobby.  Grass is the traditional go-to for groundcover, but one should keep Sheet Moss in mind. Like this type, certain varieties form a lush sheet of green over the surface it inhabits. But much like any other plant, the reasons to grow this type of ground cover go far beyond what it offers aesthetically. Here's how this plant can benefit and enhance your landscape with ease. Are you looking for ground cover that grows better in your region and offers benefits for the surrounding environment? If so, this plant is an excellent choice. While it doesn't have a root system, it's still a fantastic plant that can defend against soil erosion and serve to control the flow of water better, leading to less flooding if you live in an area that experiences a lot of rain or a few unpredictable showers here and there during the winter and spring seasons. This plant loves moisture, so it's often recommended for regions where grass can't easily thrive. However, you can go beyond that and grow plants that love moisture on top of this plant as it retains moisture that your other plants will rely on to grow strong. You can even add it to potted plants for this purpose and to improve the aesthetics of items like bonsai trees. As we just touched upon, Sheet Moss loves moisture, but that doesn't mean it can't withstand conditions that might threaten the lives of other varieties. This variety is more complex, making it easier to keep alive once you spread it across your landscape. If you're looking for ground cover that enhances your space and will hold up over time, this is the one to choose.

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Wild Ginger - TN Nursery

Wild Ginger

Wild Ginger is a low-growing, herbaceous perennial plant with heart-shaped leaves and unique, reddish-brown, tubular flowers often hidden beneath the foliage, typically found in shaded woodlands. It is a beautiful, versatile groundcover perennial that can be a valuable addition to landscaping. Here are some of its attributes and benefits when used in landscaping. Wild ginger is a plant that many may need to be made aware of. An ideal addition to a lawn that needs some variety in terms of the types and sizes of plants, there are plenty of reasons to start growing this plant where you live. Let's take a look at what it has to offer and how it might benefit your space. Wild Ginger Acts As a Larger Groundcover This plant is the perfect groundcover for those who want something that's a bit larger and can blend in seamlessly with their much smaller and much larger plants. Its heart-shaped leaves can extend up to eight inches tall, helping it seamlessly blend in throughout areas where smaller flowers feel disjointed in contrast with their much taller counterparts. If you have an area where you're having trouble growing grass or want something different, this plant will do! Wild Ginger Attracts Unique Pollinators This plant's flowers do not bloom toward the top. Instead, the jug-like flowers grow near the bottom of the plant. As a result, this attracts pollinators like ants and flies that you wouldn't usually think of as benefitting your garden. If you have other forms of ground cover or smaller plants that may need extra support, this plant could be an excellent addition to attract the pollinators your other plants aren't bringing in. Groundcover is a great way to reduce the number of weeds in your garden or yard. Because ground cover takes up the bulk of the planted space, it's much harder for weeds to take root and begin spreading. Should some weeds manage to start growing, they're much easier to pluck out. This plant is perfect if you want to reduce weeds and have something intentionally growing in your space. Reduces Soil Erosion With Wild Ginger Wild Ginger root systems spread across the space and keep soil in place, reducing soil erosion and ensuring that your soil retains its beneficial qualities. It also protects the roots of nearby plants, which is essential if you're looking to create a robust, beautiful garden.

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