Haircap Moss - Polytrichum

Haircap Moss is an airy, feathery moss that is native to just about every corner of the Earth. This plant is often sought after as one of the few landscape mosses that can tolerate some sunlight, meaning it is not limited to growing only in shaded areas. With that being said, it still grows beautifully in low-light spots such as forests and along moist, shaded water sources. The dense mats of leaves grow on stems that protrude upwards, boasting some decent height that also makes it stand out from other mosses. It is an effective groundcover with varying shades of green depending on levels of moisture and humidity. When you come across this moss, the tops of the leaves are in the shape of stars, adding the magic of fairytales.

Plant Details - Haircap Moss

Family: Polytrichaceae

Light Requirement: Partial Sun- Partial Shade

Water Needs: Moderate - Moist

Height: 2-12 in.

Spread: Indefinite

Growth Rate: Moderate

Wildlife Value: Provides shelter for small creatures, stabilizes soil, nesting material for wildlife, retains beneficial moisture

Like other mosses, this plant spreads horizontally underground through a complex structure of rhizoids and reproduces through spores. It grows best in shade with some dappled sunlight but can tolerate some more sun exposure as long as it does not dry out too much. This moss relies on consistent moisture not only for its own health, but to absorb and hold onto moisture for small amphibians that may use this moss as shelter.

Landscape Uses and Maintenance - Haircap Moss

This moss can stand on its own with its marvelous stems and leaves but grows very well when contrasted with other mosses or groundcovers. Haircap Moss requires nearly zero maintenance as long as there is a consistent, reliable source of moisture. If you want to transplant or propagate some of it, you simply pull up a clump and set it down on top of the desired place, providing it with ample water.

Noteworthy Characteristics

Don’t be fooled by the leggy, high-reaching stems – this plant is definitely a type of moss! If you are looking for the gentle spread of a moss but want to fill more vertical space, this is the ideal pick that you won’t find in other varieties. The bright green stems of Haircap Moss grow upwards like spiked vines, making this moss particularly identifiable.

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How to Grow and Care for Moss

Moss is a timeless, low-maintenance plant that brings a soft, green carpet to shaded gardens, woodland paths, stone walls, and water features. Unlike traditional plants, moss doesn't have roots—it absorbs water and nutrients directly through its leaves—making it ideal for moist, acidic soils and areas with poor fertility. To grow moss successfully, choose a shaded or partially shaded location with consistent humidity and minimal foot traffic.

Prepare the site by clearing debris and lightly roughing up the soil or surface to help the moss adhere. Gently press live moss onto the area, mist with water, and keep it consistently moist for several weeks to encourage establishment. Moss prefers rainwater or distilled water, as tap water may contain minerals that hinder growth.

Once established, moss requires very little care—no mowing, fertilizing, or pruning. Simply keep it moist and remove any fallen leaves or debris to prevent smothering. With its rich texture and calming appearance, moss adds a natural elegance and sense of tranquility to any landscape.

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